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1.
Rev Neurol ; 69(12): 492-496, 2019 Dec 16.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31820818

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: The aetiology of autosomal dominant mental retardation type 1, also known as pseudo-Angelman, MBD5-associated neurodevelopmental disorder or MBD5 haploinsufficiency, lies in a microdeletion of chromosome 2q23.1 or in a specific alteration of the MBD5 gene, which constitutes the minimum region affected in the aforementioned microdeletion. AIM: To report the case of a girl with a heterozygous de novo mutation in the MBD5 gene associated with bilateral band heterotopia and polymicrogyria. CASE REPORT: We report the case of an 8-year-old girl who was submitted to a developmental follow-up from the age of 18 months after presenting the association of severe intellectual disability and motor delay, lack of language development, segmental hypotonia, a wide forehead and kyphoscoliosis. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain revealed the presence of a bilateral band heterotopia and parietooccipital polymicrogiria predominant on the left side. In the exome the de novo heterozygous variant c.397+1G>C was detected in the MBD5 gene. CONCLUSION: This is the first observation of a heterozygous mutation in the MBD5 gene associated with a neuronal migration disorder.


TITLE: Mutación de novo en heterocigosis en el gen MBD5 asociada a heterotopía en banda bilateral y polimicrogiria.Introducción. La etiología del retraso mental autosómico dominante 1, también conocido como pseudo-Angelman, trastorno del neurodesarrollo asociado a MBD5 o haploinsuficiencia MBD5, radica en una microdeleción del cromosoma 2q23.1 o en una alteración específica del gen MBD5, que constituye la mínima región afectada en la citada microdeleción. Objetivo. Comunicar el caso de una niña con una mutación heterocigota y de novo en el gen MBD5 asociada a heterotopía en banda bilateral y polimicrogiria. Caso clínico. Niña de 8 años, seguida evolutivamente desde los 18 meses por presentar la asociación de discapacidad intelectual y retraso motor graves, ausencia de desarrollo del lenguaje, hipotonía segmentaria, frente ancha y cifoescoliosis. En la resonancia magnética cerebral se observó la presencia de una heterotopía en banda bilateral y polimicrogiria parietooccipital de predominio izquierdo. En el exoma se detectó la variante de novo c.397+1G>C en heterocigosis en el gen MBD5. Conclusión. Constituye la primera observación con una mutación heterocigota en el gen MBD5 asociada a un trastorno en la migración neuronal.


Assuntos
Lissencefalias Clássicas e Heterotopias Subcorticais em Banda/genética , Proteínas de Ligação a DNA/genética , Mutação , Polimicrogiria/genética , Criança , Feminino , Heterozigoto , Humanos
3.
Rev Neurol ; 63(1): 11-8, 2016 Jul 01.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27345275

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: The vagus nerve stimulator is a therapeutic alternative in patients with epilepsy which is refractory to treatment with antiepileptic drugs that are not candidates for surgical resection. AIM: To analyse the effectiveness of vagus nerve stimulator in the paediatric patients of our centre. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Set of 13 patients implanted between 2008 y 2013. It was registered the frequency of crises prior to implantation, after a year and at the end of the monitoring period. As well, it was recorded the number of antiepileptic drugs used and in a qualitative way the behavioural improvement and the change in the intensity of the crises, besides the apparition of secondary effects and the removal or not of the device. RESULTS: After a year, two years and at the end of the monitoring period it has been a fall in the number of crises about of 61%, 66.7% y 69% respectively, finding one patient free of crises after two years. At the end of the monitoring period, the 23% of those who had reduced their crises had experimented a reduction over 90%. Independently the effect on the number of crises, 77% of the patients presented an improvement in the intensity and the length of the crises, the same average showed a behavioural improvement. The secondary effects appeared in a 30.7% of the patients, being of mild intensity. CONCLUSIONS: Despite the small size of our sample, our results shows that the vagus nerve stimulator has a relevant efficacy over the pediatric drug resistant population, as much in the frequency and intensity of the crises, as over the behaviour.


TITLE: Analisis retrospectivo sobre el efecto del estimulador vagal implantado en pacientes pediatricos con epilepsia refractaria.Introduccion. El estimulador vagal es una alternativa terapeutica en los pacientes con epilepsia refractaria al tratamiento con farmacos antiepilepticos que no son candidatos a cirugia de reseccion. Objetivo. Analizar la eficacia del estimulador vagal en los pacientes pediatricos de nuestro centro. Pacientes y metodos. Conjunto de 13 pacientes implantados entre los años 2008 y 2013. Se registro la frecuencia de crisis previa a la implantacion, al año, a los dos años y al final del seguimiento. Asimismo, se recogio el numero de farmacos antiepilepticos utilizados, de forma cualitativa la mejoria conductual y el cambio en la intensidad de las crisis, asi como la aparicion de efectos secundarios y la retirada o no del dispositivo. Resultados. Al año, a los dos años y al final del seguimiento se habia producido una reduccion en el numero de crisis del 61%, 66,7% y 69%, respectivamente, y uno de los pacientes se encontro libre de crisis a los dos años. Al final del seguimiento, un 23% de los que habian disminuido sus crisis habia experimentado una reduccion superior al 90%. De forma independiente al efecto sobre el numero de crisis, el 77% de los pacientes presento una mejoria en la intensidad y duracion de las crisis, y ese mismo porcentaje mostro una mejoria conductual. Los efectos secundarios aparecieron en un 30,7% de los pacientes y fueron de intensidad leve. Conclusiones. A pesar del pequeño tamaño de la muestra, nuestros resultados indican que el estimulador vagal tiene una eficacia relevante en la poblacion pediatrica farmacorresistente, tanto sobre la frecuencia e intensidad de las crisis como sobre la conducta.


Assuntos
Epilepsia Resistente a Medicamentos/terapia , Estimulação do Nervo Vago , Anticonvulsivantes , Criança , Eletrodos Implantados , Humanos , Estudos Retrospectivos , Resultado do Tratamento , Nervo Vago
6.
Rev Neurol ; 61(6): 255-60, 2015 Sep 16.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26350776

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: The 3q29 microdeletion and microduplication syndromes are characterised by a marked phenotypic heterogeneity, and delayed development and a mild-moderate degree of intellectual disability are the most frequent clinical manifestations. CASE REPORTS: Two patients with reciprocal chromosomal aberrations in the 3q29 region. The patient with 3q29 microdeletion presented learning disabilities, borderline microcephaly, mild facial dysmorphism, attentional deficit and impulsiveness, and anxious and obsessive traits. The patient with reciprocal 3q29 microduplication presented learning disabilities, mild facial dysmorphism and a disruptive behavioural profile that was not previously associated with this duplication. CONCLUSIONS: The phenotypes of these patients are compared and the literature about paediatric patients with 3q29 microdeletions and microduplications is reviewed.


TITLE: Caracterizacion molecular y descripcion fenotipica de dos casos con aberraciones cromosomicas reciprocas en la region de los sindromes de microdelecion/microduplicacion 3q29.Introduccion. Los sindromes de microdelecion y microduplicacion 3q29 se caracterizan por una marcada heterogeneidad fenotipica, y el retraso del desarrollo y la discapacidad intelectual de grado leve-moderado son las manifestaciones clinicas mas frecuentes. Casos clinicos. Dos pacientes con aberraciones cromosomicas reciprocas en la region 3q29. La paciente con la microdelecion 3q29 presenta dificultades de aprendizaje, microcefalia limite, dismorfismo facial leve, deficit atencional e impulsividad, y rasgos ansiosos y obsesivos. El paciente con la microduplicacion 3q29 reciproca presenta dificultades de aprendizaje, dismorfismo facial leve y un perfil conductual disruptivo no asociado previamente con esta duplicacion. Conclusion. Se comparan los fenotipos de estos pacientes y se revisa la bibliografia de pacientes pediatricos con microdeleciones y microduplicaciones 3q29.


Assuntos
Cromossomos Humanos Par 3/ultraestrutura , Deficiência Intelectual/genética , Anormalidades Múltiplas/genética , Adolescente , Criança , Transtornos do Comportamento Infantil/genética , Deleção Cromossômica , Cromossomos Humanos Par 3/genética , Deficiências do Desenvolvimento/genética , Feminino , Dosagem de Genes , Duplicação Gênica , Estudos de Associação Genética , Humanos , Deficiências da Aprendizagem/genética , Masculino , Fenótipo
7.
Rev. esp. pediatr. (Ed. impr.) ; 67(5): 251-256, sept.-oct. 2011.
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-101714

RESUMO

Objetivo. Determinar las características de la demanda asistencial de la población pediátrica durante el periodo comprendido del 1 de diciembre de 2007 al 20 abril de 2008, en el Punto de Atención Continuada (PAC) de O Grove. Pacientes y método. Estudio retrospectivo a partir de las hojas de asistencia al PAC correspondientes al periodo citado anteriormente. La población diana fueron los menores de 15 años de edad que tienen el PAC de O Grove como centro de referencia para las urgencias extrahospitalarias. Acudieron en 728 pacientes, con un total de 1.187 asistencias al PAC durante los meses que duró el estudio. Las variables que se analizaron fueron edad, sexo, mes del año, día de la semana, hora, motivo de consulta, diagnóstico, tratamientos indicados, destino del paciente. Resultados. De los pacientes que acudieron al PAC, un 52,9% fueron hombres, la mayor demanda se sitúa entre los 1-3 años (31%), el mes de mayor demanda fue diciembre (27,7%), el domingo es el día en el que se registra mayor porcentaje de asistencias, y el pico de mayor frecuentación se sitúa a las 19 horas. El motivo de consulta más frecuente fue la fiebre (25,3%) y los cuadros que afectan al aparato respiratorio (46,8%) ocuparon el primer lugar en los diagnósticos. Los tratamientos más utilizados fueron los antitérmicos (31,4%), y el PAC tuvo una derivación hospitalaria de un 7,4%. Conclusiones. Nuestros resultados evidencian que es necesario insistir en la educación para la salud, ya que un elevado porcentaje de los procesos son patologías banales. Por otra parte, una mejor accesibilidad a los métodos diagnósticos aumentaría la capacidad resolutiva (AU)


Objective. Determine the characteristics of the request for healthcare assistance of the paediatric population form December, 1, 2007 to April 30, 2008, at the Continuous Care Area (PAC) in O Grove. Patients and method. A retrospective study was originated from the admission sheets of PAC patients for the period mentioned above. The target population was children under 15 with the PAC O Grove as a referral center for out-patients emergencies. 728 patients were treated, of a total of 1,187 visits to the PAC during the months of the study. The variables analyzed were age, sex, month of the year, day of the week, time, reason for consultation, diagnosis, treatment given, patient´s discharge/admission to hospital. Results. Of the patients who attended the PAC 52,9% were men, children between 1-3 years mostly 831%), December was the month where more requests for assistance were registere, (27,7%), the highest percentage of visits were recorded on Sundays and the highest flow of patients stood at 19 hours. The most frequent reason for consultation was fever (25,2%) and symptoms that affect the respiratory track (46,8%) ranked first in diagnosis. Treatments provided were mosty antipyretics (31.4%). The percentage of PAC patients referred to a hospital was 7.4%. Conclusions. Our results show that it is necessary to insist on health education, since a high percentage of disease processes are commonplace pathologies. Moreover, better access to diagnostic methods would increase the response capacity (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Serviços Médicos de Emergência/estatística & dados numéricos , Tratamento de Emergência/estatística & dados numéricos , Serviços de Saúde da Criança/estatística & dados numéricos , Estações do Ano/estatística & dados numéricos , 25631/estatística & dados numéricos , Febre/epidemiologia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Distribuição por Idade e Sexo , Doenças Respiratórias/epidemiologia , Antipiréticos/uso terapêutico
10.
Acta pediatr. esp ; 67(10): 477-480, nov. 2009. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-77699

RESUMO

Se realiza una revisión sobre los aspectos terapéuticos de las hidrocefalias infantiles. A efectos de exposición, se sistematiza en los siguientes apartados: tratamiento quirúrgico, vendaje elástico, tratamiento farmacológico y conducta expectante, basada en una serie de criterios de autocompensación, y se concluye con algunas reflexiones sobre su pronóstico (AU)


We carry out a review about the therapeutic aspects of the childhood hydrocephalus. To be able to visualize, the description has been divided into the following groups: surgical treatment, compressive head wrapping, pharmacological treatment, and spontaneous improvement based on self-compensated criteria; and we conclude with some reflections about its prognostic (AU)


Assuntos
Criança , Humanos , Hidrocefalia/tratamento farmacológico , Acetazolamida/farmacologia , Oxipurinol/farmacologia , Hidrocefalia/complicações , Hidrocefalia/diagnóstico , Hidrocefalia/cirurgia , Líquido Cefalorraquidiano/metabolismo , Neuroendoscopia
11.
Rev Neurol ; 47 Suppl 1: S65-73, 2008.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18767018

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION AND DEVELOPMENT: Paediatric neurology is fully aware of the fact that important advances in genetics are being applied to the clinical and prenatal diagnoses of a wide range of diseases. The discovery of new genes related to a growing number of pathologies with neurological implications opens up new diagnostic approaches and provides information that is very useful in the process of detecting carriers and identifying pre-symptomatic individuals. More selective genetic techniques with higher resolutions are increasingly more commonly available in genetic laboratories, as is the possibility of sequencing and searching for specific mutations in certain genes; for some processes their application to clinical practice has made them the initial diagnostic approach. A precise clinical orientation and knowledge of their applications and limitations is essential, and requires an increasingly close relationship between clinicians and geneticists in order to design a tailored diagnostic protocol that offers a rational balance between technical availability, cost, time and relevance of the findings. CONCLUSIONS: We discuss some of the current aspects and considerations about advances in specific neuropaediatric pathologies, within the group of neuromuscular disorders, mental retardation, autism spectrum disorders and epilepsy.


Assuntos
Doenças do Sistema Nervoso/diagnóstico , Doenças do Sistema Nervoso/genética , Criança , Epilepsia/diagnóstico , Epilepsia/genética , Humanos , Deficiência Intelectual/diagnóstico , Deficiência Intelectual/genética , Técnicas de Diagnóstico Molecular , Neurologia/métodos , Doenças Neuromusculares/diagnóstico , Doenças Neuromusculares/genética , Pediatria/métodos
14.
Rev. esp. pediatr. (Ed. impr.) ; 64(3): 213-237, mayo-jun. 2008. tab, ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-59815

RESUMO

Se realiza una revisión actualizada sobre los aspectos genéticos, bioquímicos, clínicos, diagnósticos y terapéuticos básicos de las citopatías mitocondriales debidas a deficiencia de los complejos de la cadena respiratoria mitocondrial y con expresividad clínica durante la infancia y/o adolescencia. A efectos de exposición se sistematizan los aspectos clínicos en dos amplios grupos o apartados: citopatías mitocondriales debidas a alteraciones del ADN mitocondrial (ADNmt) y citopatías mitocondriales secundarias a alteraciones del ADN nuclear (ADNn), aportando algunas reflexiones sobre la importancia de estos procesos en este margen de edad (AU)


We carry out a review of the current basic genetic, biochemical, clinical, diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of mitocondrial cytopathies due to deficiencies in the mitocondrial cytopathies due to deficiencies in the mitocondrial respiratory chain complexes, which appear clinically during childhood and/or adolescence. The clinical description has been divided into two groups: mitochondrial cytopathies secondary to alterations of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and mitochondrial cytopathies secondary to alterations of the nuclear DNA (nDNA) and we considering about the importance of such conditions at this age (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Criança , Adolescente , Doenças Mitocondriais/fisiopatologia , DNA Mitocondrial/genética , Ácido Láctico/análise , Encefalomiopatias Mitocondriais/fisiopatologia , Fibras Musculares de Contração Rápida/fisiologia , Genes Mitocondriais/fisiologia
15.
J Neurosurg Sci ; 52(1): 17-21; discussion 21, 2008 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18427428

RESUMO

AIM: The aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of cerebral blood flow velocity in the middle cerebral artery measured by transcranial Doppler as criteria to therapeutic action in communicating hydrocephalic children. METHODS: In eight non-tumoral communicating hydrocephalic infants, ranging from five to 18 months of age, monitored from 18 to 36 months (mean time of follow-up: 24.25 months), cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) oxypurines (hypoxanthine and xanthine) and uric acid levels were compared by means of the Evans' index, the mean weekly increase in cranial circumference, and the transcranial Doppler measurements. RESULTS: Results indicate that clinical (mean weekly increase in head circumference), radiological (Evans' index), biochemical (oxypurines and uric acid in the CSF), and hemodynamic (transcranial Doppler) criteria have the same role in monitoring infantile hydrocephalus. CONCLUSION: In conclusion the transcranial Doppler measurement can be done noninvasively and examinations can be repeated when needed, obtaining immediate RESULTS: Hence, it is the most adequate monitoring technique in clinical practice.


Assuntos
Hidrocefalia/diagnóstico , Hidrocefalia/terapia , Velocidade do Fluxo Sanguíneo , Tamanho Corporal , Circulação Cerebrovascular , Cabeça/patologia , Humanos , Hidrocefalia/líquido cefalorraquidiano , Hipoxantina/líquido cefalorraquidiano , Lactente , Ultrassonografia Doppler Transcraniana , Ácido Úrico/líquido cefalorraquidiano , Xantina/líquido cefalorraquidiano
18.
Rev. esp. pediatr. (Ed. impr.) ; 63(5): 381-402, sept.-oct. 2007. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-61956

RESUMO

El desarrollo del sistema nervioso central es un proceso dinámico determinado genéticamente y modulado por factores neuroquímicos, nutricionales y ambientales. En esta revisión se hace referencia al efecto neuroprotector que ejercen sobre el neurodesarrollo los factores nutricionales pre y perinatales, con especial referencia a la nutrición proteico-energética, a los ácidos graos poliinsaturados de cadena larga, a ciertas vitaminas, a algunos minerales y a la colina, así como a la influencia que tienen algunas situaciones metabólicas maternas anormales y la ingesta de ciertas sustancias pseudonutritivas por parte de la mujer gestante. Se concluye que para un adecuado neurodesarrollo es fundamental que la mujer gestante reciba, incluso desde antes de la concepción, un aporte idónea de macro y de micronutrientes (AU)


The development of the central nervous system is a dynamical process determined genetically and modulated by neurochemical, nutritional and environmental factors. In this revision one refers to the neuroprotector effect of the pre and perinatal nutritional factors, specially the proteic-energetic intake, the long-chain polyinsatured fatty acid, some vitamins and minerals, the choline, the maternal metabolic disorders and the maternal pseudo-nutritive agent intake. In conclusion, for a better neurodevelopment it is necessary that pregnant receives, even before conception, a suitable intake of macro and micronutrients (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Criança , Assistência Perinatal/normas , Assistência Perinatal/tendências , Sistema Nervoso Central/fisiologia , Neuroquímica/métodos , Neuroquímica/tendências , Desenvolvimento Infantil/fisiologia , Micronutrientes/fisiologia , Micronutrientes/uso terapêutico , Fármacos Neuroprotetores/administração & dosagem , 52503 , Ácidos Graxos Insaturados/fisiologia
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